INTKODUCTION. VU 



reckoned at 130 or thereabouts, 13 are not found in Ireland, 

 and 9 are either unknown or extremely rare in Scotland. 

 Those excluded from Ireland are : — Sylvia undata, Sitta ccesia, 

 Parus cristatus, Panurus bidrmicus, Emberiza cirlus, Picus 

 viridis, P- minor, Columba cenas, Tetrao tetrim, T. lagopus, 

 Perdix rufa. Cress pmilla, and C bailloni. 



Those unknown, or very rare, in Scotland are : — Sylvia un- 

 data, Panurus biarmicus, Sitta ccesia, Parus palustris, Em- 

 beriza cirlus, Picus viridis, P. minor, Crex pusilla, and Crex 

 bailloni. 



Out of 100 Periodical Migrants, the great majority of which 

 come to us from the south, 10 do not reach Ireland, viz. 

 Lanius collurio, Muscicapa atricapilla, Salicaria arundinacea 

 (Linn.), S. strepera, S. luscinoides, Luscinia philomela, Sylvia 

 sylviella, Motacilla flava, Anthus arboreus, Jynx torquilla; 

 while 8 others are of but rare occurrence there, viz. Falco 

 subbuteo, Ruticilla tithys, Sylvia atricapilla, S. hortensis, Phyl- 

 lopneuste sibilatrix, Eudromias morinellus, ^gialitis canti- 

 anus, and Tringa temminckii. In Scotland 10 also are never, 

 or very rarely, met with, viz. R. tithys, S. arundinacea (Linn.), 

 S. strepera, S. luscinoides, L. philomela, S. atricapilla, S. syl- 

 viella, Motacilla flava, Jynx torquilla, and Turtur auritus. 



With regard to Annual Visitants, Ireland is not visited by 

 8 or 9 which find their way to England, as Regulus ignicapil- 

 lus, Parus cristatus, Anthus richardi, Alauda alpestris, Em- 

 beriza lapponica, E. hortulana, lAnota linaria, and Phalaropus 

 hyperboreus ; while in Scotland Anthus richardi has not been 

 observed, and Coracias garrula and Merops apiaster are ad- 

 mitted to be of very rare occurrence. Ireland does not pos- 

 sess any characteristic birds as is the case with Scotland ; and 

 the only species which have been found in the sister isle and 

 not in England belong to the rare and accidental visitants, of 

 which mention will be made hereafter. In Scotland, on the 



