PIPITS. 109 



EED-THEOATED PIPIT. Anthus cervinus, Pallas. 



Hab. Europe; North Africa; Palestine; India; China; 

 Japan. 



One, Unst, Shetland, 4th May, 1854, in collection of Mr. 



Bond : Harting, The Field, 26th August, 1871. 

 One, the same year, but in September, near Freshwater, Isle 



of Wight : Harting, I. c. 



PENNSTLVANIAN PIPIT. Anthus ludovicianus (Gme- 

 lin). 

 Hab. North America generally, and Greenland. 



One near London : Edwards, Gleanings, ii. p. 185, pi. 297. 

 One, Middlesex : Montagu, Orn. Diet., art. " Lark, Red." 

 One near Woolwich, 1812 : Montagu, op. cit. 

 Two near Edinburgh, June 1824 : Macgillivray, Man. Brit. 



Birds, p. 169. 

 Two, Rathlin Island, co. Donegal : Tristram, Science Gossip, 



1861? 

 Three, Dunbar, East Lothian, in spring : Turnbull, Birds of 



East Lothian, p. 40 ; R. Gray, Birds of West of Scotland, 



p. 116. 

 Several seen at Dunbar, winter 1846 : R. Gray, op. cit. 

 One, Freshwater, Isle of Wight, Sept. 1865 : Bond, not 



hitherto recorded. 

 One, Bridlington, Yorkshire, 20th Nov. 1869: Boynton 



{fide Sclater and Bree), Zoologist, 1870, p. 2021. But 



see Reeks, torn. cit. p. 2067, and Bree, in reply, torn. cit. 



p. 3100. 



Obs. It seems probable that many of these speci- 

 mens, recorded as the American ludovicianus, were 

 the European spinoletta (see antea, p. 24). 



