THE EPICALYX 35 



foliage leaves standing close to the torus (Figs. 21 and 22, a), and 

 known as the Epicalyx. When, as in this case, the flower has in addition 

 a calyx and corolla the real nature of the epicalyx is readily understood. 

 But when (Fig. 23) there is no corolla, the calyx (b) being colored like 

 one, the epicalyx may easily be mistaken for a calyx. In this instance, 

 however, it may be seen by turning back the epicalyx or removing the 

 calyx (Fig. 24) that the point of insertion of the former is upon the 

 stem below the torus (a), so that it can be no part of the flower 

 proper. The divisions of the epicalyx are called Bracts, though the 

 term is not restricted to this use, as will be seen farther on. 



