THE SCHIZOCARP 



119 



cells all enclosed in a single sarcocarp, but each seed possessing its own 

 putamen. Each putamen with its own seed is then called a Pyrena or 

 Pyrene. Familiar illustrations of the typical drupe among medicinal 

 plants are the prune, sumach and pepper, and of the several-celled 

 form that of the Rhamnus, (Fig. 331) and the Phytolacca. As in most 

 classes of fruits, we find here a gradation into other classes, most com- 

 monly into the Schizocarp. A peculiar fruit, in its general structure 

 related to the drupe, is the so-called legume of the tamarind, which 

 possesses an exocarp similar to that of a pepo, a distinct edible sarco- 

 carp and a crustaceous endocarp or putamen containing several seeds 

 (Fig. 307). 



J^i/. 



33 J!,. JJJ. 



330. Schizocarp of Urena. 



Fig. 329. The hesperidium (lemon) 

 detached pyrena, of Rhamnus. 332, Transverse section of a pepo, 

 Dicarpellary schizocarp of Labiatae. 



331, Compound drupe, with 

 333, The drupe (plum), 334. 



The Pyrena (Fig. 331). — (Already considered under Drupe.) 



The Drupelet (Fig. 305, a). — Differs from the Pyrexia in that it pos- 

 sesses not only its own separate putamen, but a separate sarcocarp as 

 well. It is one of many small drupes belonging to an aggregate or 

 multiple fruit. 



The Pome (Fig. 308) . — A fleshy fruit with a thin chartaceous or cartil- 

 aginous putamen. It is several-celled. The term is commonly restricted 

 to fruits related to the apple. 



The Schizocarp (Figs. 288, 330, and 334). — The typical schizocarp 

 should be defined as a fruit which divides septicidally at maturity into 

 one-seeded carpels. Because, however, schizocarps frequently vary in 

 the constancy and completeness with which they undergo this process, 

 they are defined as "divisible," rather than "dividing." There are, 

 moreover, cases in which they divide into one-seeded parts of carpels. 

 The comprehensive definition, therefore, should be "dry fruits septi- 



