60 RATIONAL FRUIT CULTURE. 



further afield. Destroy the egg-bands in winter, and the webs 

 in spring. Spray the caterpillars with Paris green. 



Small Ennine Moths (Several species). — Apple, Plum. 

 The moths (white or grey, with dark spots) lay their eggs in 

 July and August on the branches, and the tiny caterpillars 

 (yellow or grey, with black heads) begin to feed in the following 

 spring on the blossoms as well as on the leaves, which they 

 spin together. Destroy the webs, and spray well with paraffin 

 emulsion or Paris green. 



Winter Moths. — Apple, Plum, Filbert, and other trees. 

 In October the brownish moths emerge from the chrysalids 

 in the ground, and the wingless females crawl up the trees 

 to lay their eggs in clusters, which hatch in March, the tiny, 

 striped, or yellow, black-headed caterpillars spinning together 

 some leaves, and sallying forth to eat foliage and blossom. 

 Spray the caterpillars with Paris green; tie bands of grease- 

 proof paper, smeared with grease, tightly round the trunks 

 early in October, about four feet from the ground, and leave 

 them on until April or May, renewing the grease when neces- 

 sary; also hoe the soil round the trees towards the end of 

 summer to expose the chrysalids to birds. 



FEW CATERPILLARS THAT SPIN TUE LEAVES TOGETHER. 

 Magpie Moth. — Plum, but more often Currant and Goose- 

 berry. The moth (cream, with black spots and yellow bands) 

 appears in July and .\ugust; the caterpillars, similarly coloured, 

 begin to feed in autumn, hibernate on the trees or in the 

 ground, and resume their destructive work in spring. Spray 

 with Paris green, and in autumn strew quicklime on the 

 ground . 



(■.ArERPILL\RS UITHOIT WERS. 



Yaponrer Moth.— Af)[>l(>, Poar, Plum. Moths (hnnvn, 

 the females wingless) appear in August and September, and 

 generally lay their eggs (two or (hrec hundred) on the cocoons 



