CLEARINO THE COUPE OF PRODUCE. 113 



(^Fig. 54). When only one end of the log is raised off the ground, 

 the ohlique position of the Jog makes the footing of the top-sawyer 

 unsafe. To remedy this, a slab, one face of which is cut into teeth 

 having the section of a tight angle, is placed upon the sloping log 

 with the smooth face downwards. 



Section VII. — Clbaeing the Coupe. 



The produce may be removed either by rolling or dragging, or 

 carrying on men's shoulders, or on wheels, or by sliding or sledging, 

 or by letting it shoot down inclined ground or along a specially 

 made channel. More than one of these methods may be employed 

 together, and in choosing the method or methods to adopt, the objects 

 to keep in view are economy and the safety of the forest and soil, 

 as well as of the produce itself. The method to employ will also 

 depend on the amount and price of labour available, the cost of 

 cattle, and on the nature of the ground. 



In clearing a coupe the different classes of produce must through- 

 out be carefully kept separate, and it is always advisable to get the 

 same gang to take out the produce, which cut and converted it. 



Rolling can be adopted only on ground that bears no reproduc- 

 tion, and is at the same tione fairly clear of trees, rocks, and other 

 obstructions. If the ground slopes a little, so much the better. 

 On steep ground logs can be rolled only in unfrequented localities, 

 on account of the extreme danger to human life resulting. Rolling 

 is a very easy mode of moving logs, being effected with ordinary 

 poles cut to a wedge shape at the lower end, or, better still, with 

 the lever and hook represented in Fig. AT. Trained elephants do 

 the work very effectively and expeditiously on level ground. 



Dragging may be effected either with human power or with 

 draught cattle, according to the size of the piece or collection of 

 pieces to be dragged. In the latter case a chain is fastened round 

 the log and its ends attached to the yoke or traces, as the case may 

 be. To save the trouble of fastening the chain to the log and then 

 unfastening it, the contrivance shown in Fig. 58 may be used, two 



Fig. 58. 



Dragging OrajppUng- Hoolt. {After Gayer'). 



