692 THE DESCENT OF MAN 



the Virginian deer is at all affected by emasculation. With 

 most or all of the highly ornamented species of Tragelaphus 

 the males are darker than the hornless females, and their 

 crests of hair are more fully developed. In the male of 

 that magnificent antelope, the Derbyan eland, the body is 

 redder, the whole neck much blacker and the white band 

 which separates these colors broader than in the female. 

 In the Cape eland, also, the male is slightly darker than 

 the female.'" *' 



In the Indian black-buck {A. bezoartica), which belongs 

 to another tribe of antelopes, the male is very dark, almost 

 black ; while the hornless female is fawn-colored. We meet 

 in this species, as Mr. Blyth informs me, with an exactly 

 similar series of facts as in the Portax picta, namely, in the 

 male periodically changing color during the breeding sea- 

 son, in the effects of emasculation on this change, and in 

 the young of both sexes being indistinguishable from each 

 other. In the Antilope niger the male is black, the female, 

 as well as the young of both sexes, being brown; in A. 

 sing-sing the male is much brighter colored than the horn- 

 less female, and his chest and belly are blacker; in the 

 male A. caama, the marks and lines which occur on vari- 

 ous parts of the body are black, instead of brown, as in 

 the female; in the brindled gnu (J., gorgon) "the colors 

 of the male are nearly the same as those of the female, 

 only deeper, and of a brighter hue. ' ' " Other analogous 

 cases could be added. 



The Banteng bull {Bos sondaicus) of the Malayan Archi- 



» Dr. Gray, "Cat. of Maram. in Brit. Mus.," part iii., 1852, pp. 134-142; 

 also Dr. Gray, "Gleanings from the Menagerie of Knowsley," in which there 

 is a splendid drawing of the Oreas derbianus: see the text on Tragelaphua. 

 For the Cape eland (Oreas carina), see Andrew Smith, "Zoology of S. Africa," 

 pi. 41 and 42. There are also many of these antelopes in the Zoological 

 Gardens. 



2» On the Ant. niger, see "Proc. Zool. Soc," 1850, p. 133. With respect 

 to an allied species, in which there is an equal sexual diSerence in color, see 

 Sir 8. Baker, "The Albert Nyanza," 1866, vol. ii. p. 327. For the .4. sing- 

 sing. Gray, "Cat. B. Mua." p. 100. Desmarest, "Mammalogie, " p. 468, on 

 the A. caama. Andrew Smith, "Zoology of S. Africa," on the Gnu. 



