SEXUAL SELECTION 693 



pelago is almost black, with white legs and buttocks; the 

 cow is of a bright dun, as are the young males until about 

 the age of three years, when they rapidly change color. 

 The emasculated bull reverts to the color of the female. 

 The female Kemas goat is paler, and both it and the 

 female Gapra mgagrus are said to be more uniformly tinted 

 than their males. Deer rarely present any sexual differ- 

 ences in color. Judge Caton, however, informs me that in 

 the males of the wapiti deer {Cervus canadensis) the neck, 

 belly, and legs are much darker than in the female; but 

 during the winter the darker tints gradually fade away 

 and disappear. I may here mention that Judge Caton has 

 in his park three races of the Virginian deer which differ 

 slightly in color, but the differences are almost exclusively 

 coafined to the blue winter or breeding coat; so that this 

 case may be compared with those given in a previous 

 chapter of closely allied or representative species of birds, 

 which differ from each other only in their breeding plu- 

 mage." The females of Cervus paludosus of South America, 

 as well as the young of both sexes, do not possess the 

 black stripes on the nose and the blackish brown line on 

 the breast, which are characteristic of the adult males." 

 Lastly, as I am informed by Mr. Blyth, the mature male 

 of the beautifully colored" and spotted axis deer is consid- 

 erably darker than the female; and this hue the castrated 

 male never acquires. 



The last Order which we need consider is that of the 

 Primates. The male of the Lemur macaco is generally 

 coal-black, while the female is brown." Of the Quadru- 

 mana of the New World, the females and young of Mycetes 



" "Ottawa Academy of Sciences," May 21, 1868, pp. 3, 6. 



^ S. Mailer, on the Banteng, "Zoog. Indischen Arohipel.," 1839-44, tab. 

 36; see, also, Ba£9e8, as quoted by Mr. Blyth, in "Land and Water," 1867, 

 p. 476. On goats. Dr. Gray, "Gat Brit. Mus.," p. 146; Oesmarest, "Mam- 

 Bialogie," p. 482. On the Osrvus pciliudoans, Bengger, ibid., s. 346. 



*• Sclater, "Proc. ZooL 8oc.," 1866, p. 1. The same fact has also been 

 fally ascertained by HM. Pollen and Tan Dam. See, also. Dr. Ctiay in *'An- 

 nals and Ifog. of Kat. Bist," May, 1871, p. 340. 

 Descent— Vol. IL— 12 



