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SEXUAL SELECTION IN RELATION rO MAN 721 



that the males differ much more from one another than do 

 the females. This fact indicates that, as far as these char- 

 acters are concerned, it is the male which has been chiefly 

 modified, since the several races diverged from their com- 

 mon stock. 



The development of the beard and the hairiness of the 

 body differ remarkably in the men of distinct races, and 

 even in different tribes or families of the same race. We 

 Europeans see this among ou'Tselves. , In the Island of 

 St. Kilda, according to Martin," the men do not acquire 

 beards until the age of thirty or upward, and even then 

 the beards are very thin. On the Europseo- Asiatic conti- 

 nent, beards prevail until we pass beyond India; though 

 with the natives of Ceylon they are often absent, as was 

 noticed in ancient times by Diodorus." Eastward of India 

 beards disappear, as with the Siamese, Malays, Kalmucks, 



(Chinese and Japanese; nevertheless the Ainos," who in- 

 habit the northernmost islands of the Japan Archipelago, 

 are the hairiest men in the world. With negroes the beard 

 is scanty or wanting, and they rarely have whiskers; in both 

 sexes the body is frequently almost destitute of fine down." 

 On the other hand, the Papuans of the Malay Archipelago, 

 who are nearly as black as negroes, possess well-developed 

 beards." In the Pacific Ocean the inhabitants of the Fiji 

 Archipelago have large bushy beards, while those of the 

 not distant archipelagoes of Tonga and Samoa are beard- 

 less; but these men belong to distinct races. In the Ellice 

 group all the inhabitants belong to the same race; yet on 

 one island alone, namely, Nunemaya, "the men have splen- 



la "Voyage to St. KUda," 3d edit., 1753, p. 37. 



" Sir J. B. Tennent, "Ceylon," vol. ii., 1859, p. 107. 



" Quatrefeges, "Eevne des Cours Soientifiques," Aug. 29, 1868, p. 630; 

 Vogt, "Lectures on Man," Eng. tranalat., p. 127. 



w On the beards of negroes, Vogt, "Lectures," etc., p. 127; Waitz, "Intro- 

 duct, to Anthropology," Eng. tranalat., 1863, vol. i p. 96. It is remarkable 

 that in the United States ("Investigations in Military and Anthropological Sta- 

 tistics of American Soldiers," 1869, p. 669) the pure negroes and their crosaed 

 O&pring seem to have bodies almost as hairy as Europeans. 



" Wallace "The Malay Arch.," vol. ii., 1869, p. 178. 



