110 BULLETIN 50, UMTED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



(sometimes nearly white); bill black, becoming bluish gray (some- 

 times brownish in dried skins) on basal portion of mandible, at least 

 in winter; iris brown; legs and feet black. (5) Imperfect ^Zumage:" 

 Similar to the perfect plumage, as described above, but without red 

 wax-like appendages to secondaries, and yellow band across tip of tail 

 narrower and paler yellow. 



Young [first plumage). — Wings and tail as in the adult plumages 

 described, the secondaries usually without the red appendages; rest of 

 upper parts olive-drab (sometimes grayer, sometimes browner), the 

 upper back usually indistinctly streaked with whitish, the i-ump and 

 upper tail-coverts (especially the latter) more or less distinctly paler 

 than back; black of frontal antise and lores duller and less sharply 

 defined than in adults, not continued behind eye, where replaced by a 

 whitish patch or streak; throat varying from brownish white to wood 

 brown; chin sometimes dusky, this sometimes continued laterally 

 along each side of upper throat; chest, breast, and sides varying from 

 hair brown to almost wood brown or Isabella color, more or less dis- 

 tinctly streaked with dull whitish or buffy, the flanks whitish, yellow- 

 ish, or buffy, broadly streaked with grayish brown; abdomen, anal 

 region, and under tail-coverts white or buffy yellowish. 



AdMlt maZe.— Length (skins), 141-167 (155.1); wing, 91-98 (93.8); 

 tail, 52.5-61 (56.2); exposed culmen, 9-11 (10); tarsus, 16-17.5 (16.9); 

 middle toe, 13-15.6 (14.2).* 



Adult female.— LQv^gth (skins), 140-157 (148); wing, 91-99 (92.6); 

 tail, 51-60 (53.9); exposed culmen, 9-10.5 (9.5); tarsus, 16-18 (16.9); 

 middle toe, 13-15 (14.3).'' 



a See footnote under A. garrulus on page 106. The same observations apply equally 

 to the present species. 

 6 Twenty specimens. 

 '' Seventeen specimens. 

 Western specimens compare with eastern in average measurements as follows: 



I am unable to detect any color differences between eastern and western speci- 

 mens. 



In rare instances the primaries or even the retrices have more or les^ well- 

 developed red terminal appendages, and occasional specimens have a small white 

 mark at the tip of outer web of primaries. In midsummer specimens the coloration 

 becomes much paler, through fading or abrasion of the plumage, 



