BIRDS OP IfOBTH AND MIDDLE AMEBIC A. 177 



difference usually equal to more than length of exposed culmen," 

 sometimes* equal to length of tarsus), even, slightly rounded, or 

 slightly double-rounded, the rectrices rather narrow (decidedly so in 

 some species). Tarsus decidedly less to much more than one-third as 

 long as wing, much longer than middle toe with claw, distinctly scutel- 

 late anteriorly; outer toe distinctly longer than inner, the latter (with- 

 out claw) shorter than hallux (without claw), its claw not reaching to 

 base of middle claw. 



Goloration. — Above plain olive, olive-green, brown, or gray, the 

 head sometimes different in color from back (black in one species); 

 wing with or without whitish bands and edgings; beneath whitish, 

 yellowish, or yellow, one species with sides cinnamomeous. 



Range. — Temperate North America, Mexico, Central America (south 

 to Costa Rica), and Greater Antilles (Bahamas, Cuba, Grand Cayman, 

 Porto Rico, and Jamaica"^). 



KEY TO THE SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OP VIREO. 



u,. Middle and greater ■wing-coverts very abruptly or sharply tipped with yellow or 

 whitish, forming two rather broad and ver-v distinct bands across wing. 

 h. Lores entirely white, in abrupt and conspicuous contrast with color of forehead. 

 c. Pileum and back brown; auricular region, sides of neck, and sides cinnamon. 



(Cozmnel Island, Yucatan. ) Vireo bairdi, adults (p. 180) 



CO. Pileum gray or black; back olive-green; auricular region gray or black, like 

 pileum; sides olive-green. (Kansas to northern Mexico. ) 



Vireo atricapillus, adults (p. 181) 

 66. Lores not entirely white. 



f.. Lores distinctly different in color from forehead, at least the upper portion 

 being yellow or whitish, abruptly contrasted with color of forehead. 

 d. Under parts bicolored, the median portion white, in distinct contrast with 

 olive-yellow of sides and flanks. ( Vireo novehoracermn. ) 

 e. Supraloral stripe and eyelids bright yellow; throat and chest white or 

 grayish white. 

 /. Brighter colored, the upper parts distinctly olive-green, the sides and 

 flanks bright olive-yellow or sulphur yellow. (Eastern United States; - 

 south in winter through eastern Mexico to Yucatan, to Bahamas, 



Cuba, etc. ) Vireo noveboraoeusis noveboracensis, adults (p. 183) 



ff. Duller or paler in color, the upper parts more or less grayish, the sides 

 and flanks pale olive-yellow. 

 g. Larger (adult male averaging, wing 57.4 or more, tail 49 or more, 

 exposed culmen 10 or more). 

 h. Intermediate in measurements and coloration between F. n: noveho- 

 racensis and V. n. maynardi; adult male averaging, wing 58.7, tail 

 49, exposed culmen 10, tarsus 20.5; adult female, wing 58.8, tail 

 46.7, exposed culmen 10.8, tarsus 20.3. (Bermudas.) 



Vireo noveboracensis bermudianus, adults (p. 185) 



a Nearly as long as tail (the difference much less than length of exposed culmen) 

 in V. gundlachii and V. hypochryseus. 

 *In V. carmioli. 

 " Also Old Providence Island, Caribbean Sea. 



10384t— VOL 3—03 12 



