236 BXJLLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



cc. Tail averaging shorter than wing; bill smaller and less strongly uncinate, the 



exposed culmen averaging much less than 16; under parts less purely or 



uniformly white. 



d. Back, etc., darker slate-gray, the upper tail-coverts less purely or abruptly 



white or not at all whitish, the scapulars less extensively white; under 



parts less purely white; slightly smaller (wing averaging not more than 



98.2, tail not more than 97.8, in adult males). 



e. Gray of upper parts clearer, not passing into whitish on upper tail-coverts; 



chest never (?) with distinct undulations; tail relatively shorter (wing 



averaging 98.2, tail 94.6, in adult male). (More northern United 



States and more southern British Provinces, east of Great Plains; south 



to Louisiana, Texas, etc. , in winter. ) . Lanius ludovicianua migrans (p. 243) 



ee. Gray of upper parts duller, usually passing more or less abruptly into 



whitish on upper tail-coverts; chest often with more or less distinct 



undulations; tail relatively longer (wing averaging 98, tail 97.8, in 



adult male). (Pacific coast district, from British Columbia to Lower 



California; in winter southward through western Mexico as far as 



State of Morelos. ) Lanius ludovicianns gambeli (p. 249) 



dd. Back, etc., paler slate-gray, or approaching no. 6 gray; the upper tail-cov- 

 erts conspicuously white or whitish, the scapulars more extensively 

 white; under parts more purely white; slightly larger (wing averaging 

 100.7, tail 99.4, inadult male). (Arid interior districts of North America, 

 from the Saskatchewan Plains and eastern British Columbia to northern 

 Mexico; southward in winter over whole of Mexico to Isthmus of 



Tehuantepec. ) Lanins ludovicianns excnbitorides (p. 246) 



56. Less white on tail, the outermost rectrix with more than the middle third 

 black, showing conspicuously beyond under tail-coverts; gray of upper Jjarts 

 darker than in other forms, 

 c. Upper tail-coverts abruptly white or whitish; sides and flanks more faintly 

 tinged with gray; white spot at base of primaries larger. 

 d. Larger, with smaller bill (adult female " averaging wing 98.5, tail 98.5, 

 exposed culmen 13.8). (Southern portion of Mexican plateau. ) 



Lanius Indovicianns mezicanns (p. 248) 

 dd. Smaller, with larger bill (adult female averaging wing 94.3, tail 94.7, 

 exposed culmen 15.7) . (San Clemente Island, southern California, and 

 Santa Margarita Island, Lower California). 



* Lanius Indovicianns mearnsi (p. 252) 



cc. Upper tail-coverts concolor with back; sides and flanks deep gray (no. 6); 



white spot at base of primaries much smaller. (Santa Cruz Island, 



southern California. ) Lanius Indovicianns anthonyi (p. 251) 



In addition to the forms mentioned in the "Itey" two other species 

 for a long time passed current as North American, but have since 

 proven to be well-known Palsarctic species. These are the following: 



(1) Lanius elegans Swainson (=Lanius lahtora Sykes). 



Lanius elegans Swainson, Fauna Bor.-Am., ii, 1831, -122 (" Fur Countries;" type 

 in coll. Brit. Mus.).— JSuttall, Man. Orn. U. S. and Can., 2d ed., 1840, i, 

 287.— Baird, in Stansbury's Rep. Gt. Salt Lake, 1852, 328; Rep. Pacific 

 R. R. Surv., ix, 1858, 324, footnote (excl. syn. part). — Bonaparte, Rev. 

 et Mag. de Zool., 1853, 295.— Coues, Birds Col. Val., 1878, 545. 



o Measurements of adult females only are given of these three dark-colored forms, 

 for the reason that I have not been able to examine males of L. I. mearrm and L. I. 

 anthonyi. 



