BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 305 



Isthmus of Panama northward to eastern Costa Rica (Talamanca). 



(?) Oyanocorax pileatus (not Cornis pileatus Temminck) Cassin, Proo. Ac. Nat. 

 Sci. Phila., 1860, 138 (Rio Truando and Nercua, n. w. Colombia)." 



Cr-oteucafiiZefflto Lawrence, Ann. Lye. N. Y., vii, 1862, 296 (Panama E. R.). 



Oyanocorax affinis (not of Pelzeln) Sclatek and Salvix, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 

 1864, 354 (Panama R. R.).— Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1870, 191 

 (Calobre and Bugaba, Veragua).— Shaepe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., iii, 1877, 

 121, part (Chepo, Isthmus of Panama).— Salvin and Godman, Biol. Centr.- 

 Am., Aves, i, 1887, 504, part (Costa Rica; Veragua; Isthmus of Panama).— 

 Zeledon, Cat. Aves de Costa Rica, 1882, 10; Anal. Mus. Nac. Costa Rica, i, 

 1887, 113 (Talamanca).— Salvadoki, Boll. Mus. Zool., etc., Torino, xiv, 1899, 

 5- (near Pita, Isthmus of Panama). 



[Oyanocoraxl affinis Solateii and Salvin, Nom. Av. Neotr., 1873, 39, part 

 (Veragua). 



Oyanocorax affinis zeledoni Ridgway, Auk, xvi, July, 1899, 255 (Talamanca, Costa 

 Rica; coll. U. S. Nat. Mus.).— Bangs, Auk, xviii, 1901, 368 (Divala, 

 Chiriqui). 



Genus XANTHOURA Bonaparte. 



Xanthoura Bonapaetk, Consp. Av., i. May 6, 1850, 380 (Type, Corvas veruvianus 



trmelin, = C. yncas Boddaert. ) 

 Xanthura (emendation) Bonapart]:, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1850 (pub. Mar. 



14, 1851), 83. 

 XantJioeitta Cabasih, Mus. Hein., i, Oct., 1851, 223 (ex. Bonaparte, manuscript) 



(Type, Con'us peruvianas Gmelin, = C yncas Boddaert.) 



Rather small Garrulinas, allied to the genus Cyanocoi-d.r^ but distin- 

 guished by smaller isize (wing les^ than 139.5, usually less than 127 

 mm.) and different coloration; upper parts (except of head and neck, 

 but including four middle rectrices) uniform green; under parts of 

 body and four lateral pairs of rectrices yellow (under parts of body 

 sometimes light green); chin, throat, chest, lores, and auricular region 

 black; prefrontal plumes and malar patch (sometimes pileum and hind- 

 neck also) blue; forehead more or less white or yellowish white (this 

 sometimes extending over pileum and hindneck). 



Nidificati.on.^-'^Qfit in small trees or bushes, open above, composed 

 of thorny twigs, etc. Eggs, 3-5, grayish, greenish, or buffy white, 

 speckled with grayish brown, etc. 



Mange. — Southern Texas to Peru and Venezuela. (Two species.) 



KEV TO THE SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF XANTHOURA. 



a. Spots on eyelids deep blue, like malar patch; breast unicolored (yellow or green). 

 b. Naso-frontal plumes much developed, conspicuously erect, or else whole pileum 

 and hindneck whitish. ^ (Xanthonra yncas and subspecies. )<■ 



a This reference may possibly pertain to true 0. affinis, but in the absence of speci- 

 mens for examination I am unable to determine the matter. The geographical 

 position of the localities mentioned would, however, rather favor the supposition 

 that the reference belongs here. 



6The two characters often combined. 



«A11 extralimital (South American). 



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