380 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



Genus B.^OLOPHUS Cabanis. 



Baeolophusa Oapanis, Mus. Hein., i, 1850, 91. (Type, Parus bicolor Linnaeus.) 

 Sacolophus (typographical error?) Bonaparte, Compt. Kend., xxxviii, 1854,63. 

 Saelophus Selys-Lonqchamps, Bull. Zool. France, ix, 1884, 48. 



Crested Parinse, with the bill very stout (its depth at base equal to 

 more than half the length of exposed culmen) ; the longer feathers of 

 crest not recurved terminally, and the tail more or less rounded at tip. 



Bill short and stout, its depth at base equal to more than half 

 (sometimes more than two-thirds) the length of exposed culmen, 

 the culmen distinctly, though not strongly, convex for terminal half 

 (more or less), the gonys also distinctly convex, and strongly ascend- 

 ing teVminally. Wing rather long, but rounded; seventh, sixth, and 

 fifth, or seventh to fourth, primaries longest, the eighth about equal 

 to fourth or third, the ninth not longer than first (sometimes shorter), 

 the tenth about half as long as ninth, or slightly less. Tail shorter 

 than wing (shorter than distance from bend to tip of secondaries 

 in one species * only), slightly rounded or nearly even. Tarsus decid- 

 edly longer than middle toe with claw (about twice as long as exposed 

 culmen). 



Coloration. — Above, plain gray or olive, with or without black on 

 head; beneath, dull white or pale gray, the sides and flank sometimes 

 rusty; one species with throat, band across posterior margin of sides 

 of neck, another across sides of head at end of auricular region and 

 margin of pileum black. 



Itange. — Warmer portions of Nearctic region. (Four species.) 



In coloration one species of this genus strongly resembles Lopho- 

 phanes cristatus, of the Paleearctic region, in its black throat, two 

 black bands across side of head and neck, and admixture of black in 

 the crest, but the two are very different in other respects, especially 

 in the shape of the bill, which is very slender in L. cristatus, whereas 

 in B. wolhoeheri it is shorter and relatively stouter than in any other 

 member of the American group. L. cristatus furthermore has the 

 longer feathers of the crest more elongated, with narrower and dis- 

 tinctly recurved tips, and the end of the tail is emarginate instead of 

 slightly rounded. In its perfectly plain coloration B. inm^natus agrees 

 with Lophophanes dichrous of northern India (Nepaul, Sikkim, etc.), 

 the latter being a true Lophophames in structural characters. 



KEY TO THE SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OP B^OLOPHUS. 



o. Throat white or gray; no black on sides of head or neck. 



h. Above slate-gray or olive-gray, the head with black on forehead or crown or 



else the forehead rusty; sides and flanks cinnamon-rufous or cinnamon-buff. 



c. Crown and crest gray, like back; forehead black or dusky. (Eastern United 



States, west to edge of Great Plains. ) Baoolophns bioolor (p. 381 ) 



a "fiaioi, unbedeutend; Xocpoi, Schopt." ^B. inomatus. 



