382 



BULLETIN 50, TTNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



light cinnamon-rufous; bill black; iris brown; legs and feet dusky 

 (bluish gray in life). 



Adults in autumn and winter. — Similar to the spring and summer 

 plumage, but gray of upper parts more or less tinged with olive 

 brownish, especially on back, and under parts tinged with pale buflfy 

 brownish, especially on chest. 



Young. — Similar to adults, but black of forehead duller and more 

 restricted, not forming a distinct or sharply defined patch, and color 

 of sides and flanks paler and duller. 



Adult male.— LQn^h (skins), 130-157 (146.2); wing, 74.6-83 (79.8); 

 tail, 65-76 (68.5); culmen, 11-13 (12.1); tarsus, 19.6-22 (20.4); middle 

 toe, 12-14 (13.7).« 



Adult female.— hength (skins), 133-149.5 (144); wing, 72-79.5 

 (76.7); tail, 61.6-71 (66.8); culmen, 11-13 (12); tarsus, 19-21.5 (20.2); 

 middle toe, 12.6-14 (13.4).» 



Eastern United States; north, regularly, to southern Pennsylvania 

 and New Jersey, central Ohio, northern Indiana (upper Wabash 

 Valley), northern Illinois (except extreme northern portion), southern 

 Iowa (Des Moines, Decatur, and Mahaska counties, etc.), and north- 

 eastern Nebraska (Dakota County); irregularly or casually to Con- 

 necticut (L3'^m6, Hartford, etc.), southern New York (Long Island, 

 Staten Island, Riverdale, Orleans County, Chemung County, etc.), 

 extreme northern portions of Indiana and Illinois, and southern Min- 

 nesota (Nobles County"); west to eastern portion of the Great Plains 



« Thirty-nine specimens. 



b Twenty-three specimens. 



Specimens from different geographic areas average, respectively, as follows : 



Locality. 



Wing. 



Tail. 



Culmen. 



Middle 

 toe. 



MALES. 



Ten adult males from Pennsylvania to Virginia 



Ten adult males from Mississippi Valley (except Kansas) . . 



Three adult males from eastern Kansas 



Nine adult males from Texas , 



Four adult males from Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama. 

 Ten adult males from Florida , 



FEMALES. 



Seven adult females from Maryland to Virginia 



Seven adult females from Mississippi Valley 



One adult female from eastern Kansas 



Six adult females from Texas 



One adult female from Louisiana 



Eight adult females from Florida 



80.4 



SO. 9 



82.5 



79.3 



79 



77.6 



77.2 



77.9 



82 



74.8 



75 



76.4 



69.4 

 69.8 

 73.3 

 68.2 



66.7 



68.2 



70 



64.7 



65 



67.9 



11.9 

 12.3 

 10.7 

 12.2 

 12.5 

 11.9 



11.6 



12.2 



12 



12.3 



12 



11.9 



21 



20.8 



20.8 



20.9 



20.7 



20.3 



20.7 

 19.9 

 21.5 

 20.3 

 19.5 

 20.2 



13.6 

 18.7 

 13.5 

 13.7 

 13.6 

 13.3 



13.6 



13.6 



13 



13.1 



13 



12.6 



I am unable to appreciate any color differences. 



« Said by Dr. Hatch (Birds of Minnesota, 1892, 427) to breed in the county named. 



