344 UTRICULARIA NEGLECTA. (Cnap. XVI. 
their future divisions represented by prominences, one of 
which is shown on the right side. Now, in a large number 
of specimens examined by my son, the young bladders 
appeared as if formed by the oblique folding over of the apex 
and of one margin with a prominence, against the opposite 
margin. The circular hollow between the infolded apex and 
infolded prominence apparently contracts into the narrow 
orifice, wherein the valve and collar will be developed; the 
bladder itself being formed by the confluence of the opposed 
margins of the rest of the leaf. But strong objections may 
be urged against this view, for we must in this case suppose 
that the valve and collar are developed as symmetrically from 
the sides of the apex and prominence. Moreover, the bundles 
of vascular tissue have to be formed in lines quite irre- 
spective of the original form of the leaf. Until gradations 
can be shown to exist between this the earliest state and a 
young yet perfect bladder, the case must be left doubtful. 
As the quadrifid and bifid processes offer one of the 
greatest peculiarities in the genus, I carefully observed their 
development in Utricularia neglecta. In bladders about 4, 
of an inch in diameter, the inner surface is studded with 
papille, rising from small cells at the junctions of the larger 
ones. These papille consist of a delicate conical protuber- 
ance, which narrows into a very short footstalk, surmounted 
by two minute cells. They thus occupy the same relative 
position, and closely resemble, except in being smaller and 
rather more prominent, the papille on the cutside of the 
bladders, and on the surfaces of the leaves. The two terminal 
cells of the papilla first become much elongated in a line 
parallel to the inner surface of the bladder. Next, each is 
divided by a longitudinal partition. Soon the two half-cells 
thus formed separate from one another; and we now have 
four cells or an incipient quadrifid process. As there is not 
space for the two new cells to increase in breadth in their 
original plane, the one slides partly under the other. Their 
manner of growth now changes, and their outer sides, 
instead of their apices, continue to grow. The two lower 
cells, which have slid partly beneath the two upper ones, 
form the longer and more upright pair of processes: whilst 
the two upper cells form the shorter and more horizontal 
pair; the four together forming a perfect quadrifid. A trace 
of the primary division between the two cells on the 
summits of the papille can still be seen between the bases 
