192 THE FLORA OF THE ALPS 



in meadows ; elatior, L. {arundinacea, Schreb.), by water; 

 gigantea, VilL, in damp woods; ovina, L. (including 

 duriuscula, L., rubra, L., and valesiaca, Schl.), in hilly 

 woods and sub-alpine pastures ; sylvatica, Vill., in woods. 

 Also the following annual species : — F. Myuros, L. ( Vulpia 

 Myuros, Rchb., including «7««te, \J«..,pseudo-myuros,'Koch, 

 and sciuroides, Roth) ; flowering glumes with slender 

 awns, stamens 1-3 ; sandy places ; and F. rigida, Kunth 

 {Sclerochloa rigida, Lk.), a small, very rigid plant ; walls 

 and dry places. 



The following are more or less alpine : — 



A. Stem thickened and bulb -like at the base: — F. 

 spadicea, L. ; spikes brownish-yellow ; high alpine pas- 

 tures in the South. 



B. Leaves more or less folded; ligule lobed at the 

 base ; caespitose : — F. ametkystina, L. ; panicle lax, often 

 blue, leaves fihform ; rare ; Switzerland, Tirol, Salzburg. 

 F. alpina, Sut. ; stem 3-5 in., flowers often replaced by 

 buds ; high ; Switzerland, Dauphiny, F. Halleri, Vill. 

 {Gaudini, Kunth); panicle small, denser, often violet; 

 high elevations in the South, also Bale, Jura. 



C. Stem-leaves flat ; ligule lobed at the base ; csespi- 

 tose : — F. heterqphylla. Lam. (including nigrescens, Lam.); 

 leaves very long, panicle loose, drooping; wood -sides. 

 P. violacea. Gaud. ; panicle spike-like, dark violet, leaves 

 capillary; high, frequent. 



D. Leaves setaceous ; ligule not lobed : — F. pilosa, 

 Hall. ; spikelets bearded, 3-5-flowered ; pastures, local. 

 F, Brenneri, F. and H. ; spikelets bearded, 6-8-flowered ; 

 Tirol, rare. F. flavescens, Bell; panicle spike-like, nod- 

 ding, spikelets 3-5-flowered, glume not awned ; Carinthia, 

 Carniola, Dauphiny. F. pumila, Chaix; panicle race- 



