32 EXAMINATION OF HORSES 
you can make out, you will often be at no little loss 
how to act when there are evidences of treatment.: 
What was said with regard to evidences of a horse 
having been bled at the jugular vein, might here be 
repeated. It may be that the horse has really been 
lame in the shoulder, and the lameness now absent. 
may recur; or it may be that he has never been lame 
in the shoulder, and yet has been treated for shoulder 
lameness. In any case, should the horse pass muste 
in everything except these marks, by all means let him; 
pass with the whole of that limb (and not the shoulda 
only) warranted to stand sound for a prescribed time. 
The parts from the point of the shoulder to the elbow 
are seldom found to require much of our attention at 
these times, and the elbow joint is remarkably free from. 
ailment at all times; and, as the parts from the elbow 
to the “carpus” (knee) are also singularly free from 
disease, practically we can pass from the point of the 
shoulder to the knee almost at once. We are, in our 
plan, examining the front part of the limb first. 
Having come to the knee, we are arrived at an im- 
portant part—a part much lable to injury, and one 
which can receive none but the most trivial scratch! 
with impunity. The sight and touch do a good deal 
for us here, but by no means all. On passing the fingers 
over the front of the knee, and smoothing the hair, we 
may feel and see any injury to the skin. Unfortunately, 
the term “broken knees” is such a vague one that it 
includes every degree from mere clipping or chipping 
