144 EXAMINATION OF HORSES 
The third and last part of the examination consists in 
1. Testing for lameness. 
2. Testing the “ wind.” 
3. Removing the fore shoes. 
I shall not dwell much on these points, because, as 
regards the third, all considerations involved have already 
been gore over in treating of the fore foot ; and as re- 
gards the first, I have only to make one or two remarks 
as to the mode of applying the tests, because were I to 
enumerate the different forms of lameness, and their 
seats and causes, I should encroach upon the domain of 
surgery and pathology, and here we are considering the 
state of animals supposed to be in comparative health. 
In testing for lameness, it is needful that you bear in 
mind that you have hard and soft parts to deal with. 
The hard parts, such as the bones, best exhibit any 
disease, by being jarred and concussed; and the soft 
parts, as the muscles, whose duty it is to shorten and 
lengthen alternately, to pull and be pulled, are best 
tested by these functions being put into active exertion ; 
so that you require your examinee to 
1. Trot on hard ground; 
2. Gallop on soft ground. 
And in going through these movements, you must not 
forget that the machine ought to be able to 
1. Go forwards ; 
2. Backwards ; 
3. Turn round and round both ways on the same area 
of ground he stands upon. 
