THE LUCANIAN BEETLES. 43 



' of glue ; it goes through its transformation within this cell, 

 and comes forth in the beetle form in the month of July. 



We have another scented beetle, equal in size to the pre- 

 ceding, of a deep mahogany-brown color, 

 perfectly smooth, and highly polished, and 

 the male has a deep pit before the middle 

 of the thorax. This spfecies of Osmoderma 

 is called eremicola * (Fig. 19), a name 

 that cannot be rendered literally into Eng- 

 lish by any single word ; it signifies wil- 

 derness-inhabitant, for which might be 

 substituted hermit. I believe that this in- 

 sect lives in forest-trees, but the larva is 

 unknown to me. 



The family Lucanid^, or Lucanians, so named from the 

 Linnsean genus Lucanus, must be placed next to the Scara- 

 bseians in a natural arrangement. This family includes the 

 insects called stag-beetles, horn-bugs, and flying-bulls, names 

 that they have obtained from the great size and peculiar form 

 of their upper jaws, which are sometimes curved like the 

 horns of cattle, and sometimes branched like the antlers of a 

 stag. In these beetles the body is hard, oblong, rounded 

 behind, and slightly convex ; the head is large and broad, 

 especially in the males ; the thorax is short, and as wide as 

 the abdomen ; the antennae are rather long, elbowed or bent 

 in the middle, and composed of ten joints, the last three or 

 four of which are broad, leaf-like, and project on the inside, 

 giving to this part of the antennaa a resemblance to the end 

 of a key ; the upper jaws are usually much longer in the 

 males than in the , females, but even those of the latter ex- 

 tend considerably beyond the mouth ; each of the under jaws 

 is provided with a long hairy pencil or brush, which can be 

 seen projecting beyond the mouth between the feelers ; and 

 the under lip has two shorter pencils of the same kind ; the 



* Cetcmia eremicola of Knoch. 



