408 LEPIDOPTERA. 



The last of these insects is the ruUcunda (Fig. 201) of 

 Fabricius, or rosy Dryocampa. This delicate and very rare 

 moth is found in Massachusetts in July. Its fore wings 



are rose-colored, crossed by 

 a broad pale-yellow band ; 

 the hind wings are pale yel- 

 low, with a short rosy band 

 behind the middle ; the body 

 is yellow ; the belly and 

 legs are rose-colored. It 

 expands rather more than one inch and three quarters. The 

 caterpillar is unknown to me.* 



All the Moth caterpillars thus far described in this work 

 live more or less exposed to view, and devour the leaves of 

 plants ; but there are others that are concealed from observa- 

 tion in stems and roots, which they pierce in various direc- 

 tions, and devour only the wood and pith ; their habits, in 

 this respect, being exactly like those of the ^gerians among 

 the Sphinges. These insects belong to a family of Bomby- 

 ces, by some naturalists called Zeuzerad^, and by others 

 HEPiALiDiE, both names derived from insects included in the 

 same group. The caterpillars of the Zeuzerians are white 

 or reddish white, soft and naked, or slightly downy, ■wdth 

 brown horny heads, a spot on the top of the fore part of the 

 body which is also brown and hard, and sixteen legs. They 

 make imperfect cocoons, sometimes of silk, and sometimes 

 of morsels of wood or grains of earth fastened together by 

 gummy silk. Their chrysalids, like those of the Cerato- 



* Only one more North American Dryocampa is known to me. This moth was 

 taken in North Carolina, and does not appear to have been described. It may be 

 called Dryocampa bicoloi', the two-colored, or gray and red, Dryocampa. The 

 upper side of the fore wings and the under side of the hind wings are brownish 

 gray, sprinkled with black dots, and with a small round white spot near the 

 middle, and a narrow oblique dusky band behind it on the fore wings ; the upper 

 side of the hind wings and the under side of the fore wings, except the front edge 

 and hinder margin of the latter, are crimson-red, and the body is brownish gray. 

 The male expands two inches and a quai-ter. The female and the caterpillar of 

 this insect I have not seen. 



