38 BLACK AND WHITE WARBLER 



patches in the tail, usually wing-bars and more or less striking 

 patterns of color; short, rounded cylindrical bill without evident 

 bristles. 



9. Seiurus (3 species) has the large, thrush-like, spotted- 

 breasted, ground-inhabiting, walking Warblers. 



10. Oporornis (4 species) has the ground or bush-inhabiting, 

 pale-footed, gray-headed, blackish or brownish breasted Warblers. 



11. Geothlypis (2 species) has the black-masked bush and 

 thicket haunting Warblers. 



12. Chamcethlypis (i species) is a chat-like Yellow-throat of 

 southeastern Texas and southward. 



13. Icteria (i species) is a large-bodied, big-billed, short- 

 winged, yellow-breasted haunter of thickets. 



14. Wilsonia (3 species) contains the yellow-breasted, flycatch- 

 ing Warblers, with flat bills and long rictal bristles. 



15. Cardellina (i species) is a short-billed, red-faced, gray- 

 backed, flycatching Warbler of southern New Mexico and Arizona 

 and southward. 



16. Setophaga (2 species) has the broad-billed, black, and red 

 or orange flycatching Warblers. 



Genus MNIOTILTA Vieillot 



The genus Mniotilta contains but a single species which is distin- 

 guished among the Warblers for its creeper-like habits. As might be 

 expected, so marked a trait is reflected in the bird's form, the bill 

 being proportionately long, slender, and slightly decurved, with the 

 upper mandible usually notched at the tip and projecting over the 

 lower. The hind-toe, in comparison with the middle-toe, is longer 

 and has a stouter nail than in any of our other Warblers. The rictal 

 bristles are very small, the tail is nearly square and, compared with 

 the wing, is rather short. The wing is long and pointed, the three 

 outer primaries being of nearly equal length. In color both sexes 

 are black and white, the male being the blacker, the female, espe- 

 cially in the fall, showing a brownish wash. 



Black and White Warbler 



MNIOTILTA VARIA (Linn.) Plate II 



Distinguishing Characters. — A striped black and white, creeping bird. 

 Length (skin), 4.70; wing, 2.70; tail, 2.00; bill, .50. 



