80 



Lessons m Zoology. 



This hollow shows where the largn muscln that moves thfl sack- 

 iog-stomaoh is attached. By the contractioo of this and oppoHiDg 

 mnsclea below, the top and bottom of the stomach are orawn 

 apart, and the spider's liquid food is pumped backward from tha 

 moath to the intestine. 



The spider has one pair of short legs besides the four 

 pairs of long ones. It uses the long legs for walking, 

 and holds the others out in front like feelers. The first 

 pair are not legs, but jointed feelers, called palpi. 



In the yonng spider ( Fig. 2) the yonng legs are shorter in pro- 

 portion to the size of the body, and the palpi are evidently ]»ga 

 and are so nsed. Afterwards they do not lengthen as maoh 

 as the others, gradually take u different poaition, and being 

 nsed aa feelers, are called palpi. The distinction between these 

 and the legs needs to he clearly brought oat, becanse we mnat 

 think of spiders as having otdy four pairs of legs. Short palpi with 

 broad and apparently distorted tips show that the specimen is 

 a male. 



Lbsson II. 



Review of Lesson I. — Spiders can spin webs. They catch insects 

 in the webs for food. The body is in two parts, head-thorax aod 

 abdomen. The abdomen is large and connected with the head- 

 thoras by a small juiut. The spider has fonr pairs of long legs 

 and one pair of palpi. The palpi are used aa feelers. 



The spider must now be held with its head toward the pupil. 



Under the magni- 

 In front of the head 

 are two clumpy 

 things with little 

 hooks on the end 

 of them (Fig. 1). 

 They look Iife<i 

 short legs, and I 

 can push them 

 from side to side 

 by pressing my 



There are eight eyes (see Fig. 1), 

 fier they look like tiny black beads. 



