84 



OPEN-AIR POULTRY HOUSES 



foot houses around with the 10-foot end facing south, put back 

 the windows and tore out the south end of tlie building, covering 

 the opening with wire only, and placed the roosts in the north end 

 of the building. These radical open-front houses gave good re- 

 sults, much better than I had ever had in closed houses, but were 

 not as comfortable in severe weather as the Tolman house. See 

 illustration showing house as operated with end torn out; these 

 buildings were used successfullv for several winters. 



"The improved Tolman house which I have finally adopted as 



Eadical fresh-air methods employed on the plant of Joseph Tolman, 

 Eockland, Mass. This is an early type of fresh-air building successfully 

 used through several winters. It is an ordinary double-pitch roof 

 building 10 feet wide by 20 feet deep, with the south end torn out and 

 the opening closed only by wire netting. Boosts are in the north end. 

 This building proved better for the fowls than the closed house. 



the standard type of poultry building is so well known now that 

 it does not need a full description here. These houses are hip- 

 roofed with the long reach of roof to the south and are built 10 to 

 14 feet wide and from 16 to 24 feet deep. The front is always 

 open and covered only wdth wire netting. No curtains are used. 

 See illustration from photographs of one of my first improved pat- 

 tern Tolman houses. I believe that in fresh-air houses of this type 

 the fowls are much more comfortable than in buildings of other 

 types, and they are protected at all times from the ill effects of 

 weather changes. Fowls housed in these oiJen-front houses show 



