70 



are not visible in the water until the sediment collects 

 upon them. They can then be seen very plainly. The 

 webs can not be spun where there is much current and 

 can be easily seen in still water by a close observer. 



But after all the principal causes of the death of trout 

 are, first and foremost, starvation, nine-tenths of all the 

 young that die are liteMly starved. Secondly, rough 

 handling; the least twisting or wringing of a fish with 

 the hands will kill it. Thirdly, lack of sufficient water, 

 and fourthly, the temperature of the water. These four 

 difficulties, all of which are preventable will account for 

 the death of most of the fish that die. 



Salmon Ponds. — In order to hatch salmon it is neces- 

 sary to have ponds where they can be retained till they 

 are ripe after they appear in the spring, although as they 

 are migratory, it is impossible to keep them throughout 

 the year. The pond must be larger than for trout with a 

 larger brook or race connected with it. Salmon will 

 even seek the outlet to spaw^n. They may be captured in 

 nets from the brook if there is no race, or a net may be 

 attached acroes a salmon river and the fish ponded below 

 it. They are manipulated ' precisely like trout, and the 

 eggs hatched in the same way. The young, after they are 

 turned loose, which must be done in the upper waters of 

 the salmon rivers — as they live in the strong current, 

 they will themselves seek the smaller tributaries — 

 remain in fresh water for one or two years. The Cal- 

 ifornia salmon that were allowed to escape in Caledonia 

 brook because there was no demand for them in the 

 State of New York, remained there tor one year, and 

 until the second summer after the winter in which they 

 were hatched, when they all disappeared never to return. 

 They evidently started to go to the sea, but as they had 

 to pass over the falls of the Genesee which are some 



