156 



care during removal from place to place, and the oitenei' 

 the water can he changed the better ; about 6,000 is as 

 many as can be trusted in one milk can, unless for very 

 short journeys. A plan has been suggested for hatching 

 shad and other fish in still water, where there is any 

 power by steam or otherwise, of keeping the boxes in 

 motion. These are made oi metal, and are dipped up 

 and down by being hung on the end of a bar lifted and 

 lowered by machinery or otherwise. The point is to keep 

 up a circulation of the current of water, and any arrange- • 

 ment that eflects this will hatch the fish. 



The time of shad spawning depends upon the tempera- 

 ture of the water of the rivers, which must be between 

 65° and 80°. This differs on different rivers. On the 

 St. John, in Florida, and in the Savannah River, it is in 

 February ; in March shad begin to run into the Potomac, 

 and in May and June they are spawning ; in the Hudson 

 the season is still later, usually commencing in May and 

 closing about the 1st of July ; in June it begins in the 

 Connecticut, and extends up to the middle of July; so that 

 the farther you go north the later the season is. 



It is prOpable that the introduction of shad even into 

 the tributaries of the Mississippi may be a success. There 

 was a four pound shad taken in the Ohio at Louisville, 

 in 1877, from those that were deposited in 1872, and 

 there were forty or fifty shad taken daily during the 

 entire spring of that year. Reports have come in from 

 many parts of the west giving more or less creditible 

 accounts of the capture of shad, although many of the 

 circumstances that there surround them are adverse to 

 their life and growth. 



Alewives and Salt Water Heeeing. — These are to 

 be hatched like shad, and ascend the rivers to spawn at 

 about the same times. Bartram in his " Harvest of the 



