12 CONTENTS 



CHAPTER IT 



COMPARISON OP THE MENTAL POWERS OF MAN AND THE LOWBE ANIMALS 



continued 



The moral sense — Fundamental proposition — The qualities of social animals 

 — Origin of sociability — Struggle between opposed instincts — Man a 

 social animal — The more enduring social instincts conquer other less 

 persistent instincts — The social virtues alone regarded by savages — The 

 self-regarding virtues acquired at a later stage of development — ^The 

 importance of the judgment of the members of the same community 

 on conduct — Transmission of moral tendencies — Summary . . .134 



CHAPTER V 



ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE INTELLECTFAL AND MORAL PAOULTIES DURINS 

 PRIMEVAL AND CIVILIZED TIMES 



Advancement of the intellectual powers through natural selection — Impor- 

 tance of imitation — Social and moral faculties — Their development 

 within the limits of the same tribe — Natural selection as affecting civ- 

 ilized nations — Evidence that civilized nations were once barbarous . i'f2 



CHAPTER TI 



ON THE AFFINITIES AND BENBALOaT OP MAN 



Position of man in the animal series — The natural system genealogical — 

 Adaptive characters of slight value — Various small points of resem- 

 blance between man and the Quadrumana — Rank of man in the nat- 

 ural system — Birthplace and antiquity of man — Absence of fossil con- 

 necting-links — Lower stages in the genealogy of man, as inferred, 

 first, from his affinities, and, secondly, from his structure — Early _ 

 androgynous condition of the Vertebrata — Conclusion . . . 196 



CHAPTER Til 



ON THE RACES OP MAN 



The nature and value of specific characters — Application to the races of 

 man — Arguments in favor of, and opposed to, ranking the so-called 

 races of man as distinct species — Sub-species — Mouogenists and polyg- 

 enists — Convergence of character — Numerous points of resemblance 

 in body and mind between the most distinct races of man — The state 

 of man when he first spread over the earth — Each race *"' V ■ "' 

 ' ', from a single pair — The extinction of races — The i'' 

 The effects of crossing — Slight influence of ' 

 conditions of life — Slight or no influence p' 

 (selection *' 



