THE DESCENT OR ORIGIN OF MAN 37 



rudimentary condition, from some early progenitor, to whom 

 it was tighly serviceable, and by whom it was continually 

 used. In those animals which have this sense highly devel- 

 oped, such as dogs and horses, the recollection of persons 

 and of places is strongly associated with their odor ; and we 

 can thus perhaps understand how it is, as Dr. Maudsley has 

 truly remarked," that the sense 9f smell in man "is singu- 

 larly effective in recalling vividly the ideas and images of 

 forgotten scenes and places." 



Man differs conspicuously from all the other Primates 

 in being almost naked. But a few short straggling hairs 

 are found over the greater part of the body in the man, and 

 fine down on that of the woman. The different races differ 

 much in hairiness; and in the individuals of the same race 

 the hairs are highly variable, not only in abundance, but 

 likewise in position; thus in some Europeans the shoulders 

 are quite naked, while in others they bear thick tufts of 

 hair." There can be little doubt that the hairs thus scat- 

 tered over the body are the rudiments of the uniform hairy 

 coat of the lower animals. This view is rendered all the 

 more probable, as it is known that fine, short, and pale- 

 colored hairs on the limbs and other parts of the body occa- 

 sionally become developed into "thick-set, long, and rather 

 coarse, dark hairs," when abnormally nourished near old- 

 standing inflamed surfaces." 



I am informed by Sir James Paget that often several 

 members of a family have a few hairs in their eyebrows 

 much longer than the others ; so that even this slight pecu- 

 liarity seems to be inherited. These hairs, too, seem to have 

 their representatives ; for in the chimpanzee, and in certain 

 species of Macacus, there are scattered hairs of consider- 

 able length rising from the naked skin above the eyes, and 

 corresponding to our eyebrows; similar long hairs project 



3' "The Physiology and Pathology of Mind," 2d edit., 1868, p. 134. 



'8 Eschricht, TJeber die Richtung der Haare am menschlichen Korper, 

 "MuUer's Archiv fiir Anat. und Phys.," 1837, s. 47. I shall often have to 

 refer to this very curious paper. 



39 Paget, "Lectures on Surgical Pathology," 1853, vol. 1. p. 71. 



