402 THE DESCENT OF MIAN 



lured with the tips of its wings brolcen from a conflict with 

 anotlier male. Mr. Oollingwood, in speaking of the fro- 

 quont battles between the butterflies of Jloiiioo, says, "Tlioy 

 whirl round each other with the }j;reatost rapidity, luid appoar 

 to be incited by the greatest forooity." 



The A(/(Tonia feronia makoH a noise like that proilimod 

 by a toothed wheel i)iWHing under a Hpriiig catch, and which 

 can be hoard at the distance of several yards: I noticod this 

 sound at Ivio do Janeiro, only when two of these bnttorllios 

 were chasing oacli other in an irregular course, so tiuit it is 

 probably made, during the courtship of the sexes." 



Some moths also produce Hounds; k>r instonco, the males 

 of TheopJiora fovea. On two (XicaHioiis Mr. F. Buchamin 

 White" hoard a sharp, quick noise made by the male of 

 Jlijlit'pldla prasiv.dvji, and which ho believes to be pro- 

 diu'.od, as in Cicada, by an elastic membrane, furnished 

 with a muscle. Do quotes, also, Guen^e, that Setina jiro- 

 duoes a sound like tlio ticking of a watch, apparently by 

 the aid of "two large tympanifortn vesicles, sitiiutod in the 

 pectoral region"; and these "are much jiioro developed in 

 the male than in the female." I loneo the sound-producing 

 organs in the Lepidoptera appear to stand in some relation 

 with the sexual functions. 1 have not alluded to the well- 

 known noise made by the Death's Head Sphinx, for it is 

 generally heard soon after the moth has emerged from its 

 cocoon. 



Qirard has always observed that the rnuHky odor which 

 is emitt(Kl by two species of Sphinx motiis is peculiar to tlie 

 males;* and in the higher cIuhhoh we shall meet with many 

 instances of the males alone being odoriforous. 



Every one must have admired the extromo beauty of 



2 Seo my "Journal of EoHonrcliou," 1845, p, 88. Mr. Doublodiiy Imn do- 

 tootod ("I'roc. Knl. Soc," Miiroli 3, IH-IC, p. 128) ii pocnllur iiKiinbmnouH hiio 

 at Uie biiHe of the fiiiiil wln((s, wiiich in prolmbly connodLod with tbn nrmliic- 

 tlon of tho sound. If'or tlio ciiHO of Tliooophora, hoo "!5ooIo«Ioiv1 lUifMird," ]H(i9, 

 p. 401. For Mr, Buobunan Wliito'H obHorviitioiiH, "Tho Scottlgli NttliirallMt," 

 July, 1872, p, 214. 



» "Tho SeottiHli NaturaliHl," July, 1R12, p. 218, 



< "Zoological lloonrd," 1869, p. :M7. 



