Ilti GLANDERS 



horse. After a period of incubation of from three to five days 

 the animal has a chill, elevation of temperature, a profuse 

 rauco-purulent stick}' discharge, sometimes mixed with blood, 

 from the nose. Particles of food arrested in the pharynx 

 occasionally appear in the nasal discharge. If unilateral the 

 margin of the nostril swells, the mucosa is dark-red, infil- 

 trated, marked with pea-like, yellowish elevations with red 

 areolae, which in a few days become eroded, thus forming 

 spreading ulcers. The submaxillary lymphatic glands on the 

 affected side become enlarged. There may, however, be a 

 uniform swelling filling the whole intermaxillary space. The 

 course is rapid and death ensues, usually from suffocation, in 

 from the sixth to the iifteenth day. The acute form rarely if 

 ever becomes chronic. 



id). Chronic glanders. In the horse, this form of the 

 disease may begin with a chill but usually the onset is very 

 insidious. There may be a muco-purulent, stick_v discharge ' 

 sometimes streaked with blood from one or both nostrils. 

 There ma}- be intermittent or continued lameness, arthritis, 

 oedema of a limb, swelling of a testicle, cough, or epistaxis. 

 There is usually a nodular but comparatively painless swelling 

 of the submaxillary lymph gland, on the affected side. On 

 palpation the swelling imparts a sensation suggestive of a num- 

 ber of peas. They are adherent to the adjacent structures. 

 The nasal mucosa is congested, of a dark reddish color and 

 sprinkled with superficial or deep ulcers either clean or covered 

 with crusts. 



Rarely the submaxillary glands only are apparently dis- 

 eased. In other cases, there is only a cough, the latent lesions 

 being confined to the lungs. In still other cases, the lesions are 

 restricted to one or both testicles, the spleen, or some other 

 internal organ, and symptoms may or may not be present. 

 Chronic glanders frequently terminates in the acute form. 



In chronic cutaneous glanders, with or without oedema of 

 the limbs, there maj' be one or many nodules on the fetlock, 

 or elsewhere on the line of the lymphatic vessels, with indura- 

 tion of the lymphatics extending from it. The nodules ma\r 

 be suppurating and discharging, or they may be closed. 



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