364 TRICHINOSIS 



REFERENCES. 



r. Moore. A nodular taeniasis in fowls. Circular No. j, U. S. 

 Bureau of Auitnal Industry. 1895. 



2' PiANA. Mem.della Accadt'Diia della Sc. Dell islitutodi Bologna. 

 Ser. 4, 7, II. (1880-81). p. 387. 



3. Stiles. Bulletin A'o. 12, U. S. Bureau of Animal Industry. 

 1S96. p. 49. 



TRICHINOSIS. 



§ 292. Characterization. Trichino.si.s i.s the disease 

 caused bj- tlie infesting of the muscles of the body with 

 Triehinella spiralis. It affects man, swine and rats. 



^ 293. History. In 1835, Paget, a medical student, found 

 in a cadaver in a London dissecting room certain small worms 

 which were described b}' Prof. Owen as Tricliina spiralis. In 

 the United States this parasite was observed in a negro in 

 Charleston, S. C, by Chazal in 1841-2 and in the muscles of a 

 human cadaver in Boston bj- Bowditch in 1842-3-4. Stiles 

 finds that about 900 cases have been reported in man in this 

 country. In 1847, Liedy found the same species of worm in 

 the muscles of American swine. Herbst of Gottingen appears to 

 have been the first to make an experimental inquiry into the life 

 history of this parasite. In i860, Zenker showed it to be the 

 cause of the disease which has since been named trichinosis, 

 and which prior to his observations had been confounded with 

 typhoid fever and other maladies. The brilliant observations 

 and experiments of Zenker, Leuckart, Virchow and others 

 have given us detailed data concerning the life history and 

 channels of infection of this parasite with the symptoms, dura- 

 tion of the disea.se, clinical details and the preventive measures 

 to be adopted. During the years i860 to 1866, a number of 

 outbreaks of trichinosis were experienced in certain European 

 States more particularly Prussia and Saxony. 



S 294. Description and life history of the parasite. 

 Trieliinella spiralis is a minute worm, the male a little over i 

 mm. long, the female about 3 mm. in length. In the adult or 

 sexual condition, it lives in the intestine of man, the pig and 

 other mammals. Internal impregnation takes place, the eggs 



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