22 WHEAT PRODUCTION IN NEW ZEALAND 
of crops, and a careful method of cultivation. The 
prevalence of small holdings on the Continent adds 
greatly to the efficiency of methods of cultivating the 
soil. In many places—notably in France and Germany 
—high farming, par excellence, is practised, and much 
of the modern farming machinery has been adopted. As 
we move further south to Austria and the Balkan 
States, the adoption of modern facilities for wheat 
production is not so marked, but still the same intensive 
cultivation is practised. 
In England the farms are somewhat larger than those 
on the Continent, but the methods of producing wheat 
differ very little, as each farm in England employs 
sufficient men to produce on an intensive scale. 
(c) Yield per Acre in the Chief Producing Areas.— 
The yield per acre throughout the area is relatively 
high, but there is scope for improvement in some parts. 
Belgium has the highest yield, with an average of 35:9 
bushels for the period (1901-11), and the United 
Kingdom third with 31:6. The following table shows 
the average yield per acre for the ten years (1902-11) 
of the chief wheat producing countries of the world. 
TABLE VII. 
Average Yield per Acre for Period 1902-11 in Leading Countries, 
Country. Bushels 
per acre. 
Belgium os oy sh es 35:9 
Netherlands es we 33°4 
United Kingdom og a ie 32:0 
New Zealand is ais 38 31:6 
Germany es a 8 oe 29-7 
France ie 2s =e a 19°7 
Hungary avi ng ae ae 19°2 
Austria be or re on 18-9 
Canada ai a re sik 18°2 
Roumania .. = ie ahs 17°0 
United States Be 8 4% 13-6 
India ais am ss oe 11:4 
Australia os oe = ie 11°2 
Argentina .. ate i ate 10°8 
Siberia 8 sigs te as 10:4 
Russia, Sis a me = 9°5 
