IMPROVEMENT OF WHEAT BY SELECTION 83 
of highly trained men of science. Wheat, oats, and 
barley are now grown in Sweden on lands previously 
considered as mere waste, and the yield of previously 
cultivated districts has been materially increased. The 
Government of Sweden recognizes the work of the 
Association by an annual grant of £2,000, the other 
£2,000 of its yearly income being provided partly by the 
profits of the venture, but chiefly by the Agricultural 
Societies of the country at large. (These figures are for 
the year 1909).* Some of the results achieved by the 
Association are appended. 
AUTUMN WHEATS. 
= m B 
cms | er Lee 
0290 4 135.6 
0501 13 128.5 
0406 13 122.5 
0200 13 121.5 
0315 9 115.9 
These figures were published in 1912,+ and are sufficient 
to show that the methods used at Svalof are an unquali- 
fied success. Had the information given above been at 
our disposal in 1909, we could have started work on the 
improvement of the wheats of Canterbury with some con- 
fidence, but all we knew was that Sweden was using 
single ear selection with good results, and that the 
method had been followed by workers in other countries 
—notably by Hunter, in Ireland.t <A plan of work was 
therefore evolved which has proved in the main similar 
to that used in other lands where the single ear is the 
basis of the selection. 
*Sixth Annual Report Canadian Seed Growers’ Association. 
tNewman, ‘‘Plant Breeding in Scandinavia.’’ Canadian 
Seed Growers’ Association, Ottawa. 
{H. Hunter, ‘‘ Experiments in Barley Growing.’’ Journal of 
the Department of Agricultural and Technical Instruction for 
Ireland. Vol XIII, No. I. 
