THE INDUSTRIES OF ANIMALS. 



CHAPTER I. 



INTRODUCTION. 



THE NATURALISTS OF YESTERDAY AND THE NATURALISTS 



OF TO-DAY NATURAL HISTORY AND THE NATURAL 



SCIENCES THE THEORY OF EVOLUTION — THE CHIEF 



INDUSTRIES OF MAN^THE CHIEF INDUSTRIES OF 



ANIMALS INTELLIGENCE AND INSTINCT INSTINCTIVE 



ACTIONS ORIGINATE IN REFLECTIVE ACTIONS — THE 

 PLAN OF STUDY OF THE VARIOUS INDUSTRIES. 



The naturalists of yesterday and the naturalists of 

 to-day. — The study of animals, plants, rocks, and of 

 natural objects generally, was formerly called "natural 

 history"; but this term is tending to disappear from 

 our jjg^bulary and to give place to the term " natural 

 sciences." What is the reason of this change, and to 

 what does it correspond ? for it is rare for a word to 

 be modified in so short a time if the thing designated 

 has not itself varied. 



^ Exterior forms have certainly changed, and the 

 naturalist of yesterday makes upon us the impression 

 of a legendary being. I refer to the person described 



