8 THE INDUSTRIES OE ANIMALS. 



to defend his territory against the wild beasts who 

 attacked it and himself, to drive back tribes of 

 his fellows who would diminish his provisions, these 

 were the first rudiments of the industry of Man. 

 Having become more skilful, he obtained in an 

 expedition more game than he could consume at 

 once ; he then kept near him living beasts in 

 order to sacrifice them when hunger came. His 

 reserve of animals increased; they became accus- 

 tomed to live near him ; and he took care of 

 his larder. A fiock was gradually constituted, and 

 the owner learnt to profit from all the resources 

 which it offered him, from milk to wool. Henceforth 

 he became economical with his beasts, and .moved 

 about in order to procure for them abundance of 

 grass and water. He was still always hunting and 

 fighting ; but there were now accessory industries, 

 and he was especially occupied in the domestication 

 of animals. Then it happened that he acquired a 

 taste for a graminaceous grain — corn. To seek the 

 blades one by one is not a very fruitful labour, and 

 decidedly troublesome. Man collected a supply of 

 them, cultivated them, possessed fields which he 

 sowed and harvested. He was henceforth obliged 

 to renounce his herds, which had become immense; 

 for he could not leave the soil where his corn was 

 ripening, if he wished to gather it himself, and his 

 cattle were lacking pasture. The number of beasts 

 diminished ; bread had killed milk. Man only kept 

 near him a small flock capable of feeding on a 

 moderate territory. He abandoned his temporary 

 shelters, tents of skin or of woven wool, and since he 

 must henceforth live on the same piece of land, he 

 constructed there a fixed dwelling. Such is, taken 



