6i 



CHAPTER III. 



METHODS OF DEFENCE. 



FLIGHT — FEINT — RESISTANCE IN qOMMON BY SOCIAL 



ANIMALS SENTINELS. 



Studying the animal kingdom in the manner here 

 adopted, that is to say by passing in review the 

 various manifestations of zoological life, we are 

 necessarily led to find certain industries which are 

 opposed to others. We have seen the various 

 methods of hunting ; but attack calls forth defence. 

 In the struggle for life we find the action of beings 

 on other beings, and the re-action of these latter ; 

 the final result is the expression of the difference 

 between the two according as one or the other is 

 stronger. 



Flight. — Just as the most rudimentary method of 

 attack is simple pursuit, so the most simple and 

 natural method of defence is flight; but if very fleet 

 animals like hares, gazelles, and deer can escape by 

 simply exerting their maximum rapidity, it is not 

 always thus, and certain species exercise in flight 

 perfected methods appropriate to circumstances, and 

 so raise this method of defence to an art. 



Of all animals the Ape most skilfully directs his 

 flight. There is no question that in his intelligence 

 we may find every rudiment of our own ; but of all 



