I/O THE INDUSTRIES OF ANIMALS. 



transformed into a series of isolated cells in which 

 the larvae can effect their development, and from 

 which they will emerge either by themselves per- 

 forating a thin wall which separates them from day- 

 light, or by an opening which the careful mother has 

 left to allow them to attain liberty without trouble.^ 



Woven divellings. — The second class of habitation, 

 which I have called the woven dwelling, proceeds at 

 first from the parcelling up of substances, then of 

 objects capable of being entangled like wisps of wood 

 or straw, then of fine and supple materials which the 

 artisan can work together in a regular manner, that is 

 to say by felting or weaving. Facts will show us the 

 successive stages of improvement which have been 

 introduced into this industry. I will begin with the 

 more rudimentary. 



Rudiments of this industry. — There are, first, cases 

 in which the will of the animal does not intervene, or 

 at least is very slightly manifested. The creature is 

 found covered and protected by foreign bodies which 

 are often living beings. Spider-crabs {Maid), for 

 example, have their carapaces covered with algjE and 

 hydroids of all sorts. Thus garnished, the Crus- 

 taceans have the advantage of not being recognised 

 from afar when they go hunting, since beneath this 

 fleece they resemble some rock. H. Fol has observed 

 at Villefranche-sur-Mer a Mdia so buried beneath 

 this vegetation that it was impossible at first sight to 

 distinguish it from the stones around. Under these 

 conditions the animal submits to a shelter rather than 

 creates it Yet it is not so passive as one might at 

 first be led to suppose. When the algse which 



^ Reaumur, Memoires pour servir h Vhistoire des Insectes, pp. 97 

 et seq. 



