LIFE HISTORY OF A TREE. 127 
it remained until it was cut eighteen years later. When cut it 
measured fifty-five feet high, thirteen inches through at the base 
and contained 29.95 cubic feet of timber. During the last ten 
years it had made an average annual increase of 1.5 cubic feet. 
This study brought out the following facts: (1) While 
rapid upward growth is being made the lateral accretions are 
slight. (2) Large accretions accompany full leafage. (3) 
Figure 33. White Pine crowded and then open grown. 
After the surrounding growth is killed, the tree begins to 
strengthen the portion which receives the greatest strain by wind, 
that is, the lower part of the trunk. (4) In approaching the 
top of the tree the accretions are found to diminish as each live 
branch is passed. 
Figure 34 shows a section of a White Pine that was entirely 
open grown. This tree was cut when fifty-six years old, and 
measured eighteen inches in diameter on the stump, eight inches 
at twenty-five feet above.the stump and forty-eight feet in height. 
The volume of the stem when cut was 28.85 cubic feet; the 
