380 GLOSSARY. 
Catkin. A scaly spike-like dense flower cluster. (e. g. Willow, 
Birch.) 
Cell. The anatomical unit of living tissues. 
Chlorophyll. The green coloring matter of plants; leaf-green. 
Ciliate. Hairy on the margin. 
Cleft leaf. Cut into lobes somewhat more than half the depth of 
wings. (e. g. Silver Maple.) 
Compass. A magnetic needle used to determine directions in the 
woods. 
Compound leaf. One in which the blade or wings are composed 
of more than one part. (e. g. Ohio Buckeye, Mountain 
Ash.) 
Cone. The flower or fruit of a conifer. 
Conifer. A member of the Pine Family or Conilere. 
Coniferous. Cone-bearing. 
Cooperage. The business of making wooden vessels, as casks, 
barrels, tubs. 
Cordate. Heart-shaped. 
Corolla. Inner series of the perianth; generally distinguished 
from the calyx by being of a color other than green. 
Corymb. A flat-topped flower cluster, in which the outer flowers 
open first. (e. g. Mountain Ash.) 
Cotyledon. One of the leaves of the embryo; a seed leaf. 
Cross staff head. An instrument for turning off angles in sur- 
veying land, consisting of an octagonal brass box with slits 
in the faces for sighting through. 
Crowded. Said of trees when so closely grown that the develop- 
ment of their lateral branches is interfered with. (Page 
129.) 
Crown of tree. See tree-crown. 
Cultage. The practice or process of multiplying plants by means 
of cuttings. 
Cuttings. A piece of a leaf, branch, stem or root which when in- 
serted in moist material is capable of sending out roots 
and forming a new plant; a slip. (Page 86.) 
Cycle. One of the circles of a flower. 
Cymes. A flower cluster in which the central flowers open first. 
Deciduous. Falling off; said of leaves that fall in autumn. 
Dehiscent. Said of fruits that open at regular lines, 
