GLOSSARY. 389 
Transit. A surveyor’s instrument for measuring angles, etc. 
Transpiration. The process by which water is taken up by the 
roots of plants and given off to the air through the leaves 
and branches. 
Tree. A perennial woody plant with a single stem which from 
natural tendencies generally divides into two or more 
branches at some distance from the ground. 
Tree-crown. That part of a tree that is branched, forming a 
head. 
Tree-digger. Ordinarily a plow-like implement having a sharp 
knife-like blade that is drawn through the soil by a team 
and cuts the roots off the trees at a distance from the base 
of the tree-trunk. Where large quantities of trees are to 
be dug this is a most important implement. There are 
various kinds; one style cuts on both sides of the row at 
one time. 
Tri. Prefix meaning three. 
Triangulation. The method of survey by dividing into triangles. 
Tripod. A three-legged support for an instrument. 
Turgid. Distended; applied to leaves and other parts when 
filled with water. 
Umbel. An umbrella-like form of inflorescence. (e. g. flower 
clusters of Caraway. Parsnip.) 
Unisexual. Bearing either male or female organs, not both. (e. 
g. flowers of Willows.) 
Variety. A distinct and valuable variation from the original. 
Valve. One of the parts of a dehiscent pod. 
Valvate. Opening by valves. 
Volume. Amount or mass of a tree or log. 
IVater capital. The entire water of the earth. 
IVeed. A plant out of place, a generally troublesome plant, not 
of any appreciable economic value. 
Whorl. Applied to leaves when arranged in a circle around the 
stem. 
IVings of a leaf. The expanded portion; the blade. 
Windbreak. A single row or belt of trees, which serves as a 
protection from wind. 
Wood. The hardened tissue of a stem. A forest. 
IVorking plan. A pre-arrangement of the method of growing 
and harvesting a forest crop of a particular tract. 
