112 Cattle Problems. 



follows that grades have more blood — whatever its quality 

 — when they derive an increase from the most muscular 

 side of any crosses whatever. The greater value for beef 

 of the half Devon and half Short-horn is a proof of this. 

 Having more muscle, the beef of these grades is more 

 juicy and nutritive, and, therefore, more in demand from 

 its better quality. 



When increase of breeding capacity is the object aimed 

 at in crossing, increase in muscularity is the source from 

 which any such inci^ease in fertility is derivable. But 

 muscularity, acquired by crossing, cannot be maintained 

 without adequate muscular activity; while fertility can 

 as certainly, or more certainly, be increased or restored 

 and permanently maintained by increasing the exercise of 

 comparatively inactive and infertile cattle, than by cross- 

 ing to acquire more blood, in enlarged muscular propor- 

 tion. And, when fertility is fully established or regained, 

 by increase of exercise and muscle, and increased digest- 

 ive power, as well as efficiency in the secreting organs, 

 particularly concerned in digestion and primary breeding, 

 fertility so restored, or acquired, can certainly be main- 

 tained by regular daily exercise, permanently continued, 

 but not in any other way, for any considerable period of 

 time. In other words : 



If fertility comparable with that of the muscular, active 

 breeds of cattle, which have been resorted to for infusion 

 or for muscular improvement, be desired, activity corre- 

 sponding ill degree with that of such muscular breeds of 

 cattle is the only obvious means to accomplish this end or 

 purpose. Activity develops and maintains muscularity, 

 or vital growth and power, not only in the muscles of 

 locomotion, but in all the vital organs of excretion, cinu- 

 lation, and digestion, thus supplying vigor and [jower for 

 primary, as well as embryonic breeding, by means at once 

 natural and effective. 



