124 Qattle Problems. 



The extent of muscle, and the size of muscular organs 

 that are necessary to insure permanent breeding power or 

 fertility, is that extent and proportion which moderate 

 daily exercise, regularly continued, develops in )'i)ung 

 or growing cattle — in the Devons, for instance — and main- 

 tains in them after they reach full size or mature growth, 

 muscle for activity, and space for a full circulation being 

 developed and established in this necessary way ; breeding 

 capacity is as certainly and co-equally established by the 

 same natural means. 



The extent of exercise that is necessary to prevent the 

 waste of the muscles by disorganization of their fibre, from 

 lack of circulation, will also maintain the full proper pro- 

 portion of muscular parts, and a full extent of breathing, and 

 of vitalized blood, and breeding power or fecundity. W's 

 see proofs and examples of this in horses and active cattle 

 on every hand, making the sources and conditions of 

 breeding power sufficiently clear and evident, and showing 

 that fertility may be increased when necessary, or main- 

 tained when sufficient, by management of such a practical 

 and simple character that sterility in inactive, fat-forming 

 cattle need not continue, unless something of much less 

 importance — as fat, for instance, to supply the pkice of 

 deficient muscle, that results from deficient exercise — be 

 preferably maintained by restricting or prohibiting neces- 

 sary activity. 



A concluding suggestion occurs to us, namely : That 

 developing and maintaining vital power in cattle, power 

 to transmit vigorous qualities effectively, by developing 

 muscular proportion and maintaining it ; and so increas- 

 ing nutritive value in their meat products, are objects 

 worthy the ambition of the breeders, not alone of different 

 families of the .same breed, but of rival breeds, and of all 

 leading breeds of cattle. In pursuing such a policy, neither 

 beauty of form or of color need be sacrificed or neglected ; 



