148 Cattle Problems. 



body itself, when there is sufficient digestive aliment in the 

 food to renew and maintain the vital tissues. Indeed, the 

 size and bulk of the lungs, heart, stomach, and bowels, 

 constitute a continuous mold, around which the body 

 grows ; the form, and particularly the she of the body, 

 being much influenced by the form and si::e of the lungs 

 and alimentary organs that supply the mechanical influence 

 of an interior mold, that exerts much effect on the exterior 

 growth and size of the body. 



In the solvent processes of digestion, occurring during 

 the forward movement by muscular force of the mass of 

 pabulum containing digestible material, the penetration of 

 the gastric juice into the mass, while in the stomach, is 

 much easier and more thorough than would be possible if 

 the stomach were reduced to half or a third of its natural 

 size, by reducing the bulk of food in that or similar pro- 

 portion. And the same holds true of the bowels, where 

 considerable digestive action takes place. In either of 

 these organs the indigestible parts of naturally proportioned 

 food serve as a divisor, making the mass more permeable, 

 and its digestible parts more readily accessible to the sol- 

 vent juices in each stage of digestion, in the stomach as 

 well as in the bowels; bulk, in fact, being equally neces- 

 sary in the stomach and continuous parts of the entire di- 

 gestive or alimentary canal. 



The principle reason why Graham bread is much used 

 by dyspeptics and others, is, that it is far more easily di- 

 gested, because more permeable to the digestive juices, 

 from containing the natural iu/A and proportion of ex- 

 pansive and divisory ingredients, as well as the several dif- 

 ferent qualities of nutritive constituents, the mass being 

 far more easily penetrated by digestive juices than an equal 

 mass of fine- flour bread closely compacted in the stomach. 

 We see, then, that bulk in food is very important in main- 



