OHAPTEE XVII, 



Ldks of Muscle in Cattle and Hoos, 



And the Loss in Food Value, and Money Value from Loss 

 of Muscle. 



The flow of blood into muscular parts of cattle takes 

 place when the length of the muscles is contracted, while 

 the central parts are increased in thickness, and the supply 

 of blood in the muscle-vessels is therefore generally ac- 

 cording to the number of muscular contractions — giving 

 rise to all the animal movements — the number of contrac- 

 tions being according to activity. Active exercise is 

 therefore a necessity, to facilitate and insure circulation 

 in, and nourishment of, the muscular parts of cattle. The 

 muscles cannot be sufficiently nourished without the motion 

 which exercise causes; hence the nourishment, growth, re- 

 newal, and strength of the muscles, beyond the slender 

 minimum, each and all depend upon, and are increased 

 and maintained by, regular out-door exercise in conjunc- 

 tion with food. 



Foster, in his able Text-Book on Physiology, Page 65, 

 says : " When muscle within the body is unused, it wastes; 

 when used moderately, muscle grows. Both these facts 

 show that the nutrition of muscle is favorably affected by 

 its functional activity." 



Muscle wastes by disuse, because its contractions cease 

 with inaction, and the blood no longer flows to the mus- 

 cular fibres when they no longer contract. So muscles 

 die by inaction and disorganization, for want of motion 

 and blood. And muscles grow from increased exercise, 



