Training and Breeding. 185 



activity, as the necessary condition of developing muscle 

 from feed, and so producing meat that is nutritive, instead 

 of preventing muscular development by inaction, or indo- 

 lent action, may be adopted. The rule and object being 

 to convert the most cattle food into the most valuable 

 parts of animals that are used as meat food. And to ac- 

 complish this object, the influence of exercise and regular 

 training should be fully and practically recognized at all 

 seasons of the year, and in farm-stock generally. 



It is a great mistake to disassociate training as a neces- 

 sity from breeding as an art; for breeding can never be 

 truly successful without close attention to training. We 

 are confident that the true interests of producers and con- 

 sumers of meat and other cattle products, are not antag- 

 onistic in any case as to the best use of feed in producing 

 muscular meat-food, or other cattle products of value ; the 

 hide itself being as truly an organized structure or growth, 

 and as much increased in substance and value from the in- 

 fluence of regular exercise, as muscle, bone, or other or- 

 ganized structure, while equally as valuable and as much 

 in demand. 



So in reducing necessary exercise or neglecting it, other 

 products as well as the meat food are reduced in extent 

 and value. In fact, too much restricted exercise is a great 

 error by which any cattle are injured, and high-fed inbred 

 cattle are most depreciated in value. 



The full proportion of exercise and muscle that sup- 

 plies labor-value in horses, also supplies food-value in 

 nearly all other farm stock, a fact which numbers of Short- 

 horn breeders have apparently ignored by restricting or 

 confining their cattle to very limited exercise ; and Jersey 

 and Guernsey cattle are tethered from lack of pastures, 

 the consequence being very light muscle, vigor, and food- 

 value in many cattle of each breed on the Channel Islands. 



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