l!tS Oattle Problems. 



size of these arteries at the immense rate of 420 to 600 

 per cent in only three milking seasons ! 



But if we assume the yield of cheese-dairy cows to be 

 increased at the average rate of 70 per cent more than the 

 general yield of cows, as takes place in the dairy districts 

 of New York, and that in many of the cows employed — 

 those newly purchased and unaccustomed to the full and 

 special feed they now first receive, more than others — the 

 yield is increased 70 per cent in two seasons, or in four- 

 teen months — the cows being actually milked only eight 

 of those months — beginning with May, and extending till 

 I St of July the next season, even this rate of increase in 

 yield involves a rate of increase in blood, and in the size 

 of the artery tubes, that convey it to the udder-glands, 

 of 300 per cent in five seasons ! 



Now, the question arises : Can cows, of any breed or 

 extent of stamina, bear such a rate of increase in the tubu- 

 lar size of their udder-supply arteries without injury in 

 the walls by relaxation? But the average increase of 70 

 per cent involves a higher actual increase of 35 per cent 

 in yield and blood more than the average, by about half 

 the number of cows from which the average is made up, 

 which extends the adcfition in yield and udder size ; and 

 also the increase in artery blood and artery size up to 105 

 per cent increase, and in some exceptional cases up to 120 

 or more per cent over the average yield ; this increase in 

 blood supply and artery size of the cows making up the 

 large average of 70 per cent, which is the excess of in- 

 crease in the yield, and in the artery blood and artery size 

 in special dairy district cows in Herkimer Co., New York. 



But this large increase in yield and in artery size, is not 

 of itself and alone the sole operative cause leading to the 

 starvation of the embryo in^ aborting cows. 



It is simply necessary here, however, to show the fact, 

 that the arteries conveying the blood from which yield is 



