Abortion in Oows. 205 



ful microscopical examinations by Dr. J. C. Dalton,* of 

 both cows and embryos, establish the fact that there is no 

 evidence of disease within aborting cows, or in aborted 

 embryos, while the starved appearance, and emaciated 

 condition of the embryos, and the comparatively empty 

 condition of the placental vessels, afford ample evidence of 

 embryo starvation and death previous to their abortment. 

 While the fact of a degree of fatty degeneration existing 

 in parts of the placenta, shows that starvation of the em- 

 bryo occurs sometimes, probably days previous to abort- 

 ment. 



3. The observation of numbers of experienced dairymen 

 in the Cheese Factory Districts, for many years — and 

 probably in several States — confirming the evidence dis- 

 closed by special post-mortem examination ; the observa- 

 tion of this starved or emaciated condition, by dairy- 

 men, being very significant evidence. 



4. The prevented increase in blood-supply to tlie em- 

 bryo from relaxation of the udder-supply arteries, proves 

 the arrest of nutrition, and results in the starvation and 

 death of the embryo, previous to abortion, which is its 

 necessary consequence. 



Growth in any organism is increased size, and a con- 

 stant increase of blood-supply to the embryo calves is a 

 necessity to increase and complete their size, for unless 

 their size be constantly increased, embryo breeding can- 

 not continue, but is arrested, and the embryo dies, making 

 abortment necessary to the cows. 



The fact that aborted embryo calves are nearly all starved 

 to death, previous to delivery, being established ; and 

 having explained the necessity of cows controlling their 

 mammary blood flow, we here present a table ol 

 figures, which is explained in the headings, over each 

 of the columns, our object being to supply the reader 



* See Dr. Dalton's report, before referred to. 



