THE HEXAGONAL PLAN 41 
trees and 36 fillers.) The former total is too large ; the 
latter is the one to be recommended. The fillers are 
generally some variety of apple that comes into bearing 
at an earlier age than the permanent orchard trees. The 
varieties usually chosen for this purpose are Wagener, 
Wealthy, Winesap, and Missouri Pippin, or some variety 
of crab apple (which are in demand for making into apple 
jelly and for canning). In British Columbia it is one of 
the first two that is generally selected, Wagener or 
Wealthy. 
HexaconaLt Pran.—This is the arrangement which 
allows the greatest number of permanent orchard trees 
to be planted to the acre—namely, 56. The fillers are 
placed alternately with the permanent trees in each row ; 
this gives 56 trees. Sometimes a row consisting entirely of 
fillers is put in between every two rows of the permanent 
trees, which calls for 42 more fillers. This makes a total 
of 56 permanent trees and 98 fillers to each acre, or 154 
trees altogether. This is too large a number, and it would 
be better to omit the alternate rows of fillers. Even 
then the acre would accommodate 112 trees. 
Instead of one of the varieties of apples mentioned 
above, peaches or dwarf pears are preferred by some for 
fillers. In each case the relative distances remain the 
same. 
By planting a permanent tree at one end of the first 
row, and putting a filler opposite to it as the first tree in 
the second row, you will find that your orchard, when 
finally thinned out, has its trees arranged hexagonally 
or in diamond fashion. 
TREES FOR PLantine.—lf a tree is improperly planted, 
6 
