30 



BUDS. 



[section 4, 



57. Latent Buds. Axillary buds that do not grow at the proper season, 

 and especially those which make no appearance externally, may long remain 

 latent, and at length upon a favorable occasion start into growth, so form- 

 ing branchus apparently out of place 

 as they are out of time. The new 

 shoots seen springing directly out 

 of large stems may sometimes orig- 

 inate from such latent buds, which 

 have preserved their life for years. 

 But commonly these arise from 



58. Adventitious Buds. These 

 are buds which certain shrubs and 

 trees produce anywhere on the sur- 

 face of the wood, especially where 

 it has been injured. They give rise 

 to the slender twigs which often 

 feather the sides of great branches 

 of our American Elms. They some- 

 times form on the root, which natu- 

 rally is destitute of buds ; they are 

 even found upon some leaves ; and 

 they are sure to appear on the 

 trunks and roots of Willows, Pop- 

 lars, and Chestnuts, when these are 

 wounded or mutilated. Indeed 

 Osier-Willows are pollarded, or cut 

 oif, from time to time, by the culti- 

 vator, for the purpose of produc- 

 ing a crop of slender adventitious twigs, suitable for basket-work. Such 

 branches, being altogether irregular, of course interfere with the natural 

 symmetry of the tree. Another cause of 

 irregularity, in certain trees and shrubs, 

 is the formation of what are called 



59. Accessory or Supernumerary 

 Buds. There are cases where two, three, 

 or more buds spring from the axil of a 

 leaf, instead of the single one which is or- 

 dinarily found there. Sometimes they are 

 placed one over the other, as in the Aris- 

 tolochia or Pipe- Vine, and in the Tartarean Honeysuckle (Fig. 77) ; also 

 in the Honey-Locust, and in the Walnut and Butternut (Fig. 78), where 



Fig. 75. Shoot of Lilac, with winter buds ; the two uppermost axillary ones 

 strong ; the terminal not developed. 76. Forking ramification of Lilac ; reduced 

 in size. 



Fio. 77. Tartarean Honeysuckle, witlj tbre? ftccessory buds in each axiL 



