464 



MORPHOLOGY OF GYMNOSPERMS 



Pinaceae 235, 236, 237; Taxaceae 



317, 31S 

 Libocedrus, male gametophyte s8o 

 Lyginodendron 13, 14, i;, 16 



M 



Male cell, evolutionary tendencies 423; 

 Pinaceae 2715, 277, s/p, 280; Taxineae 



338, 339 



Male gametophyte, Bennettitales 82; 

 Cordaitales I'^y, 178; Cycadales 139, 

 141, 143, 144; Cycadofilicales 49; 

 evolutionary tendencies 421; Gink- 

 goales 206, 20j; Gnetales 389, jpo, 

 3gi; Pinaceae 273, 216; Podocarpi- 

 neae 339, 340, 342; Taxaceae 335, 

 337, 339, 340, 342; Taxineae 335, 337 



Marattiaceae, paleozoic 53 



Medullary ray, Pinaceae 232 



MeduUosa 17, 18, ig; seed 38, 40 



Megaloxylon 15 



Megasporangium, Bennettitales 78; Cor- 

 daitales 174; Cycadales 121; Cyca- 

 dofilicales 31; Ginkgoales 194, 200, 

 201, 202; Pinaceae 244, 254, 255, 

 256; Taxaceae 321, 327 



Megaspore, Cycadales 127; Pinaceae 

 257,258; Gnetales ^S-^ 



Megaspore membrane, Cycadales Jjp; 

 Ginkgoales 204, 205; Pinaceae 271; 

 Taxaceae 332 



Megasporophyll, Cycadales 124, 130, 131 



Mesarch 10, 11 



Microcachrys, male gametophyte 341; 

 strobilus 320, 324 



Microcycas, female gametophyte 137; 

 megasporophyll 131; seedling struc- 

 ture 106; sperm 147 



Microsporangium, Bennettitales 75; Cor- 

 daitales 172; Cycadales 114, 118, 

 iig, 120; Cycadofilicales 25, 26, 27, 

 28i 2g; Ginkgoales jgi, ig2, ig3; 

 Gnetales 371; Pinaceae 2jp, 240, 241, 

 243, 272; Taxaceae 319 



Microspore, Cordaitales 177; Cycadales 

 140; Pinaceae 274 



Microsporophyll, Bennettitales 77; Cyca- 

 dales 116, 117; Pinaceae 23g, 240, 241 



N 

 Neuropteris 23, 24; frond 4; seed 38, 40 



O 



Osmunda, ectophloic siphonostele 7 

 Ovule, Cordaitales 174, 175, 176, 177; 

 Cycas 130; Dioon 126, 128, i2g; 

 evolutionary tendencies 416; Gink- 

 goales igs, ig6, ig7, igS, 200, 201, 202; 

 Gnetales 376, 377, 380, 382; Pinaceae 

 24S, 251, 254; Taxaceae 322, 323, 324 



Pachytesta 41 



Paleozoic ferns 52; seeds 42 



Parthenogenesis, Pinaceae 300 



Pecopteris 23; seed^o 



Phyllocladus, archegoniimi 342, 343; 

 fertilization 34s; juvenile leaves 227; 

 male gametophyte 341, 342; pollen 

 tube 343; shoot 316 



Phyllosiphonic siphonostele 9 



Phylogeny 407, 408, 4og 



Physostoma 34, 36; microspore 50 



Pinaceae 220; archegonium 263, 264, 

 270; chromosomes 259; distribution 

 301; embryo 287, 288, 28g, 2go, 2gi, 

 2g2, 293, 2g4, 29s, 296, 2g7, 2g8, 2gg; 

 female gametophyte 259, 260, 261; 

 fertilization 284, 286, 287; history 303; 

 interrelationship of tribes 308; juvenile 

 forms 222, 227; leaf 235, 236, 237; 

 male gametophyte 272, 273, 276; 

 megasporangium 244, 254, 255, 256; 

 megaspore 2^7, 258; megaspore mem- 

 brane 271; microsporangium 23g, 

 240, 241, 243, 272; microspore 274; 

 microsporophyll 2jp, 240; ovule 251, 

 254; prothallial tissue 277, 278; rela- 

 tionship 309; seed 300; seedling 231; 

 strobilus 238, 23g, 240, 244, 246, 247, 

 252; vascular anatomy 228; vegetative 

 organs 222; ventral canal cell 266, 

 267 



Pinus, archegonium 263, 264; embryo 

 288, 28g, 2go, 2g6; female gametophyte 

 260; fertilization z86; leaf section 

 2J7; male gametophyte 273, 276; 



